Emulsifying device



July26, 1938. G, LAVlNE l 2,124,580

EMULSIFYING DEVICE Filed Dec. 13, v19154 Alllnf//l v. 944mb y @nu Nimm!!"'HH-Illm/mm PatentedJuly 26, 1938 Y Um'rlizp vSTATES EMULsmING nEv'rcaGeorge Lavine, Brooklyn, N. Y., asalgnor to Oakp I u dale ContractingCompany, Inc., New Yor N. Y., a corporation of New York ApplicatiesDecember 1s, 1934, serial No. '157.3119 11 claim.v (c1. ss-zs'n Thepresent invention relates to emulsifying devices and has particularrelation to devices of this character which are adapted to emulsify liqynids orliquids with solids or semi-solids such as fats.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a device ofthe character described which is simple and compact in construction andof the portable type intended for household use 1o 'in mixing liquidssuch as milk, water or lother liquids, with oils, fats, or othersubstances to produce creamy salad dressings, liniments, etc., and whichmay also be employed in mixing cocktails and other beverages when it isdesired to l5 obtain a better blending thancan be obtained by mixing orshaking.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the characterdescribed in which the liquids are thoroughly blended and expelled 20from the device under pressure.

Another object of the invention is' to provide a device of the characterdescribed having a simple and eicient valve structure through which themixture is expelled and which thore With such objects in view, as wellas-other ad-A vantages which may be incident to the use of theimprovements, the invention consists in the parts and combinationsthereof hereinafter set forth and claimed, with the understanding thatthe several necessary elements constituting the same ma;1 be varied inproportions and arrangement without departing from'the nature and scopeof 3a the invention.

In order to make the invention more clearly understood there are shownin the accompanying drawing means for carrying the same into practicaleiect, without limiting the improvements, in their useful applications,to the particular constructions which, for the purpose of explanation,have been made the subject of illustra- 'den .A

45 In said drawing: f

Figure l. is a view partly in side elevation and partly in verticalsection of an `emulsifying device constructed in accordance withthepresent invention. v 5g Figure 2 is a bottom plan view of thestructure shown in Figure 1,

Figure 3 is an enlarged horizontal section taken on line 34 of Figurel,7

Figure 4 is a similar view taken on line 4-4 55 of Figure 1,

Figure 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional view oi the valve structureshown in Figure l,

Flgure6 is asimilar view of a modiiied form of valve structure.

Figure 7 is a horizontal sectional view taken 5 onlinel-lofFigureIi,

lFigure `8 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical sectional view of stillanother form of valve structure, and

Figure 9 is a plan view of a portion ot tbe valve 1o structure shown inFigure 8.

Referring to the drawing. an emulsiiier constructed in accordance withthe present invention is shown as comprising a cylindrical container I,preferably of sheet metal, having a cover 2 at its upper end providedwith downwardly and inwardly turned anges 3` for engagement withinclined cam lugs I provided on the side walls of the container andcooperating therewith in the manner of a bayonet Joint to securely holdthe cover in position. The cover 2 is also provided with a iillingopening 5 normally closed former so that the upper portion of thecylinder extends a substantial distance into the container and its lowerportion projects a convenient and desired distance outside of thecontainer. Mounted within the compression cylinder I0 for verticalreciprocation is a piston II which is loosely connected with the lowerend of a rod I2 by means of a pivot I3. This rod extends vertically andaxially through the container I and through a sleeve M carried bythe'pcover- 2 and is provided withan operating handle I5 at its 45 upperend. The compression cylinder I0 is provided with a plurality of portsor openings I6 adjacent to the bottom of the container through whichliquid in the container is drawn into the cylinder Ill upon the upwardstroke of the plunger, as will hereinafter be described.

The lowerl end oi the compression cyinder Il is provided withva one-wayvalve, indicated generally at Ii, which is closed during the upward ymovement of the plunger but which opens to per- 56 I. mit the passage ofthe liquid or liquids by pres-l sure eveloped by the piston II on itsdownward strolr This valve preferably comprises a cupshaped member I8provided with. acentral openingl I3 adapted to be closed by a valveplunger 20. The valve plunger' 28 is urged towards its closing .positionby a spring 2| which encircles a stemportion 22 of the valve plungerbetween a cap 23, screw threaded onto the'lower' end of the cylinder III, and a second cup-shaped member 24 carried bythe valve plunger. v Thecap '23 denes a discharge chamber 23'l into which the liquid passes fromthe compression cylinder I lwhen the valve plunger 20 is unseated; Thecupshaped member 244 is disposed in opposed telescopic relation to themember I8 and is provided with a plurality of relatively smalllapertures 25 therein. l

From the foregoing, it will be apparent that when the piston I l isdrawnrupwardly by means of the rod I2 and handle I5, liquid within thecontainer is drawn through the ports I6 into the compression cylinderI0. When the piston is forced downwardly a certain amount of the liquidin the Acylinder I0 will be expelled back into the container through theports I6 until the piston closes these ports. From this point on thedownward movement oi the piston II places the liquid remaining in thecylinder I0 under pressure which progressively/increases until it issuincient to unseat the valve plunger 20 against the action of thespring 2|. As soon as the valve is thus unseated the liquid is forcedunder pressure against the sides of the cup-shaped member I8 whichcauses the liquid to swirl around within the space between thecup-shaped members I8 and, and thence-throughthe apertures 25 into thedischarge chamber 23. From this latter chamber the liquid escapesthroughra discharge opening 26 disposed at the lower end of the cap23.'I'he degree of pressure required to unseat the valve plunger 20 topermit the dis-v 1 charge qf the liquid as above described, may beregulated by Avarying the threaded engagement of cap 23 relative tocompression cylinder I0,

= said cap preferably being knurled on its exterior surface for thispurpose. It will be seen that the liquid travelsan irregular course fromthe container until it is nally expelled through the opening 26, ilrst,through the ports I6, and then -through the valve opening I9, thenthrough the apertures 25, and thence through the discharge opening 26into any desired receptacle. 'I'his devious course of the liquids andpressure to which the same are subjected causes the liquids tobethoroughly mixed or emulsiiled at the time oi!4 discharge.

` liquids are thoroughly intermingled prior to their end of the cylinderIII, the edge of which is slightly beveled as shown. This valve is urgedtowards its closed position by means of a spring 32 which encircles astem portion 33 between the collar 3| and a-cap 34 which is threadedronto the lower end of the cylinder I0. This cap is also provided with adischarge opening 35 and may be adjusted upwardly or.` downwardly inorder to regulate the tension of thespring 32, as described inconnection with `the valve I1. The cylindrical portion 30 of the valve29 is providedy with a plurality of circumferentially arrangedvertically extending relatively-small slots which are preferablyslightly tapered or channels 36 which are closed by the walls of thecompression cylinder when the `valve occupies its seated position.However, when pressure is developed within the cylinder I0, sumcient tounseat the valve 29 the lower portions of slots 36 are moved beyond thelower end of the cylinder I0, thereby establishing communication betweenthe cylinder I0, discharge chamber 34 and discharge opening35,

Iwhereby the liquid is discharged in relatively fine streams or Jetsunder pressure through the verfrom the cylinder I0 against the collar3|, thence in a swirling action againstthc wail of the discharge chamber34, which completes the' emulsiilcation` and blending of the' liquids,which then4 flow to the discharge opening 35.

If desired the valve members 20 and 4| illustrated in Figs. and 8 may bemade integrally Vwith the cup-shaped members 24 and 45 respectively. Y.

In Figs. 8 and 9 there is shown still another form of valve structure.This valve preferably comprises a cup-shaped member 39 which 'is securedwithin the lower end of the cylinder Il) .and is provided with acentrally disposed opening 48 adapted to be closed by a ball valve mem;ber 4|. The ball valve member 4| is urged toward its seated positionbyf-spring 42 which encircles a stem portion 43 4of the ball valvebetween a cap 44 threaded lou the lower end of the compression cylinderI|l,and a second cup-shaped member 45 carried by the stem 43. The cap 44also deilnes a discharge chamber 46 into which the liquids pass from thecompression cylinder III when the ball valve member 4| is unseated bythe pressure of the liquid within thecylinder I0. The cup-shaped member`45 is disposed in opposed telescopic relation to the member 39, and isprovided with a plurality of relatively small apertures 4I\ therein,which are radially spaced so as to be disposed opposite the projections48. The ball valve member 4,I is preferably provided with. a pluralityof spaced projections 48 between which the liquids are forced inrelatively small streams or iets against the wall of the cup-shapedmember 45, 4when the ball valve 4| is unseated bythe downward movementof the piston |I. o

As in the structures hereinbefore described the passage of they liquidsfrom the compression cylinder I0 through the valve opening 40, spacesbetween the projections 48, under pressure in relatively nestreams orjets against the wall of the cup-shaped member 45, and the ensuingswirling action breaks up and finely divides and 'emulsies or mixes theliquids prior to their dis-'- charge into the receptacle. f

If desired, the ball24| may be provided with relatively small aperturesinstead of the projections 48, through which apertures the liquid'passes in fine streams or jets for the purpose describ d.

The I are so constructed as to be automatically operated at apredetermined selective pressure which expels the liquid through theopeningsor channels in fine streams or 'jets against an opposing facewhich is at approximately right angles to the direction of said streamsor jets, with sufficient force to finely divide or break up theparticles of the liquid mixture thereby completing the'thoroughemulsification. and/or blending of the component parts. f

From the foregoing it will be apparent that I have provided a verysimple, eilcient and selfcontained emulsifying device of the portabletype, particularly adapted for household use.

Other modications and changes in proportion and arrangement of theseveral necessary elements constituting the invention may be made bythose skilled in the art withoutvdeparting from the nature and scope ofthe invention as dened in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A portable emulsifying device of the shaker type comprising acylindrical container closed at its upper end, a compression cylindercommunicating through a wall of said container and prov"vided with aport for establishing communication between said container and theinterior of said cylinder, a check valve structure provided at the outerend of said cylinder, a piston mounted for reciprocation in saidcylinder and having an actuating rod extending axially through theclosed upper end of the container, said actuating rod being adapted forreciprocating said piston to draw liquid from said container into saidcylinder through said port and to expel the same under pressure throughsaid check valve structure in an emulsiiied condition axially of saidcompression cylinder.

2. A portable emulsifying device of the shaker type comprising acontainer closed at its upper end, a compression cylinder extendingthrough the bottom of said container and provided with a port forestablishing communication between said container and the interior oi'saidcylinder, a check valve structure provided in the lower end of saidcylinder, a piston mounted for reciprocation in said cylinder and havingan actuating rod extending axially through the closed upper end lof thecontainer, said actuating rod being adapted for reciprocating saidpiston to draw liquid from said container into said cylinder throughsaid port and to expel the same under pressure through said check valvestructure in an emulsifled condition axially of said compressioncylinder.

3. An emulsifying device of the' shaker type comprising a containerhaving a removable cover, a compression cylinder communicating through awall of said container-and provided with a port for establishingcommunication between said container and the interior of said cylinder,a check valve structure provided at the outer end of said cylinder, apiston mounted for reciprocation in said cylinder, a rod pivotallyconnected with said piston and extending through said cover forreciprocating said piston to draw liquids from said container into saidcylinder through said port and to expel the same under pressure through`said check valve structure in an emulsied condition, and an agitatorcarried by .said rod for intermingling the liquids prior to theirpassage into said cylinder, said ariousvalve structures above described'agitator having a serrated periphery to promote a swirling action of theliquids to be emulsiiiedl 4. An emulsifying device of the shaker typecomprising a cylindrical container closed at its upper end, acompression cylinder communicating throughl the bottom of said containerand provided with a port for establishing communication between saidcontainer and the interior of said cylinder, a checlrvalve structureprovided in the lower 'end of said cylinder, a piston mounted forreciprocation in said cylinder, and

means for reciprocating said pistonx to draw liquid from said containerinto said cylinder through said port and to expel the same underpressure through said check valve structure in. an emulsifled condition,the bottom ofY said container being of conical formation and havingspaced concentric means for engaging receptacles of different sizes tonest the device against displacement relative to a said receptacle whendispensing its contents thereinto.

5. An emulsifying devicel of the shaker type comprising a cylindricalcontainer closed at its upper end, a compression cylinder communicatingthrough the bottom of said container ,and provided with a port for,establishing communication between said container and the interior ofsaid cylinder, a check valve structure provided in the lower end of saidcylinder, a piston` mounted for reciprocation in the upper end of saidcylinder, and means for reciprocating said piston to draw liquid fromsaid `container into l type comprising a container closed at its upperend, acompression cylinder communicating through a wall of saidcontainer and provided with a port for establishing communicationbetween said container and the interior of saidv cylinder, a check valvestructure provided at the outer end of said cylinder, a piston mountedfor reciprocation in the upper end of said cylinder and having anactuating rod extending axially through the closed upper end of thecontainer, said actuating rod being adapted for reciprocating saidpiston to draw liquid from said con- -tainer into said cylinder throughsaid port and said cylinder through said port and to expel the.

to expel the same under pressure through'v said check valve structure inan emulsied condition axially of said compression cylinder, a spring forurging said check valve toward a seated position; and means foradjusting the tension of said spring to control the pressure at whichthe liquid is expelled through said valve.

'7. An emulsifying device of the shaker type comprising a containerclosed at its upper end, a compression cylinder communicating through aWall of said Icontainer and provided With a port for establishingcommunication between said container and the interior .of said cylinder,a needle valve mechanism provided at the outer end of said cylin'der, apiston mounted for reciprocation in said cylinder and means forreciprocating said piston =to drawv liquid from said container into saidcylinder through said port and to expel the same under pressure throughy said valve mechanism in an emulsiiied condition,

said valve mechanism including a discharge opening and a plurality ofrelatively small oriilces through which the liquid passes toward saiddischarge opening. l

8. An emuisifying device of the lshaker type comprising a containerclosed at its upper end, a compression cylinder communicating through awall of said container and provided with ports for establishingcommunication. 'between said container and the interior of saidcylinder, a needle valve mechanism provided at the outer end oi' saidcylinder, a piston mounted for re- .ciprocation in said cylinder, andmeans for reciprocating said piston to draw liquid trom said containerinto said cylinder through said ports and to expel the same underpressure through said valve mechanism in an emulsitled condition, saidvalve mechanism including a discharge vchamber having a dischargeopening therefrom and a plurality of relatively small passages valveplunger having a plurality of relatively small passageways thereinthrough which the liquid passes i'rom said compression cylinder to saiddischarge chamber.. a piston mounted for reciprocation in said cylinder,and means yfor reciprocating saidpiston to draw liquids from saidcontainer into said cylinder through said e port' and to expel the sameunder pressure through said needle valve mechanism in an emulsitledcondition. I,

10. A portable emulsliying device oi the shaker type oi' the characterdefined in claim 1 wherein said check valve structure comprises a slidevalve mechanism provided at the outer end 'of the cylinder, said slidevalve mechanism including a valve plunger having a cylindrical portionslidably mounted within the outer end of the compression cylinder andhavinga plurality oi relatively small channels therein, a collar portionadapted to seat against the outer end of the said cylinder, and' aspring for normally urging said. valve'r plunger toward its seatedposition.

1l. A portable emulsiiylng device of the shaker type of the characterdeilned in claim 1 wherein said checkvalve structure comprises a ballvalve `mechanism provided at the outer end `of the cylinder, said ballvalve'mechanism including a ball valve member having relatively smallpassageways therein through which the liquid passes when said ball valvemember is unseated. and a spring .for normally urging said ball valvemember toward its seated position.

GEORGE .Lavmn

